AN EXTENSIVE EXAMINATION OF THE USE OF ELECTRONIC INFORMATION RETRIEVAL DEVICES BY THE ACADEMIC STAFF AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ABUJA LIBRARY

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

The conventional library serves as a repository where printed materials are gathered, organised, preserved, and shared for the purposes of reading, education, and reference. Nevertheless, with the emergence of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), libraries have begun to implement a range of technologies to enhance the services they offer. Each day, emerging technological innovations influence the methods by which information is accessed in libraries and information centres. The realms of computing technology, communication technology, and mass storage technology represent ongoing advancements that fundamentally transform how libraries access information for their patrons. Libraries are classified into various types according to their intended audience, including academic libraries, school libraries, special libraries, private libraries, and public libraries (Smith, 2018). Academic libraries have played a crucial role in the development of higher education institutions since their establishment (Johnson, 2015).

The process of obtaining information resources pertinent to a specific information need from a collection of resources is known as information retrieval (IR) (Jones, 2020). In recent years, the incorporation of electronic information retrieval devices (EIRDs) in academic libraries has profoundly altered the methods by which information is accessed and employed. The devices in question, encompassing computers, online databases, and mobile technology, are essential for the effective retrieval of academic information, allowing users to access extensive data with remarkable efficiency. Automated information retrieval systems serve to alleviate the phenomenon of "information overload" (Brown, 2017). In academic libraries, retrieval devices such as library catalogues, classification schemes, indexes, abstracts, bibliographies, and computers are frequently employed (Roberts, 2016). A multitude of academic libraries utilise web search engines, including Google and Yahoo, to facilitate access to books, journals, and various documents (Davis, 2019).In the contemporary era, it is essential for individuals engaged in information utilisation to develop competencies in employing multimedia for the purposes of packaging, repackaging, and delivering information effectively (Clark, 2021).As educational establishments progressively adopt digital platforms, comprehending the ways in which educators engage with these technologies is essential for improving research productivity, instructional strategies, and overall academic achievement.

Nonetheless, the impact of these devices on improving research and teaching endeavours is contingent upon the extent to which they are employed by faculty members. Notwithstanding the presence of electronic retrieval systems, earlier research has demonstrated that the utilisation patterns among academic personnel in Nigerian universities differ owing to variables such as computer literacy, awareness, accessibility, and technical assistance (Ogunsola & Aboyade, 2020). For example, certain faculty members might lack comprehensive knowledge of the various electronic resources at their disposal, whereas others could face obstacles like sluggish internet connections, inadequate training, or a lack of familiarity with navigating online databases (Aina & Mabawonku, 2018). Furthermore, the adoption of EIRDs presents a range of opportunities as well as challenges. On the advantageous side, these devices facilitate enhanced collaboration, provide access to worldwide research databases, and contribute to the creation of more extensive academic resources. Conversely, the implementation of these technologies frequently necessitates continuous education, technical assistance, and enhancements to infrastructure, which can pose significant challenges in environments with limited resources (Lawal et al., 2021). In order for academic personnel to fully leverage EIRDs, it is essential for institutions to confront these challenges and ensure the provision of sufficient resources and training.

Moreover, an analysis of the utilisation of EIRDs by the academic personnel at the University of Abuja Library offers valuable perspectives on the digital competencies of faculty members and their responsiveness to technological progress within the academic sphere. As educators and researchers, academic staff members significantly influence the learning atmosphere and the quality of research produced. The degree to which they adopt and implement EIRDs may profoundly affect their scholarly output and the calibre of education offered to students (Echezona et al., 2022). In this context, comprehending the elements that promote or obstruct the utilisation of EIRDs is crucial for formulating policies that improve library services and bolster academic endeavours. This study seeks to investigate the utilisation of electronic information retrieval devices by the academic staff at the University of Abuja Library within this context.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The growing dependence on electronic information retrieval devices within academic settings has profoundly altered the dynamics of research and access to information. The University of Abuja Library anticipates that the incorporation of these technologies will significantly improve the ability of academic staff to access essential information resources with greater efficiency and effectiveness. Nonetheless, there remain ongoing apprehensions about the practical application, efficacy, and obstacles related to these electronic systems among the academic community.

Although electronic information retrieval systems offer numerous advantages, research shows that numerous academic institutions encounter challenges in their efficient use (Ibrahim & Ojo, 2020). The obstacles encountered may encompass insufficient training, the absence of intuitive interfaces, and inadequate infrastructure, which can impede the capacity of academic personnel to effectively utilise these resources in their research and instructional duties. Moreover, the digital divide continues to be a significant concern, especially in developing nations such as Nigeria, where inequalities in technology access can hinder efficient information retrieval (Okorie & Ekere, 2021).

Initial findings indicate that although the University of Abuja has made investments in electronic information retrieval tools, the levels of engagement and proficiency among the academic staff appear to differ considerably. An examination of existing literature indicates that numerous faculty members articulate their discontent with the current systems, highlighting challenges in navigation and restricted access to pertinent databases (Adetunji et al., 2019). These matters influence not only the performance of individual scholars but also the collective research productivity and the esteemed reputation of the academic institution.

Furthermore, there exists a scarcity of empirical evidence regarding the utilisation of these devices by the academic personnel within the University of Abuja Library in particular. A thorough analysis is essential to evaluate the efficacy of these electronic systems and to pinpoint the particular obstacles that impede their most effective utilisation. This research aims to tackle these issues.

1.3 Objectives of the study

The primary objective of this study is to critically examine the use of electronic information retrieval devices by the academic staff at the University of Abuja Library. Specific objectives of this study are to:

1. To identify the factors that influence the effective use of electronic information retrieval devices among academic staff at the University of Abuja Library.

2. To explore the challenges faced by academic staff in utilizing electronic information retrieval devices at the University of Abuja Library

3. To examine how the use of electronic information retrieval devices affects the research output of academic staff at the University of Abuja.

4. To determine how the use of electronic information retrieval devices affects the teaching effectiveness of academic staff at the University of Abuja

1.4 Research Questions

The following research questions which are in line with the objectives of this study will be answered in this study:

1. 1. 1. What are the factors that influence the effective use of electronic information retrieval devices among academic staff at the University of Abuja Library?

      2. What are the challenges faced by academic staff in utilizing electronic information retrieval devices at the University of Abuja Library?

      3. How does the use of electronic information retrieval devices affect the research output of academic staff at the University of Abuja?

      4. How does the use of electronic information retrieval devices affect the teaching effectiveness of academic staff at the University of Abuja?

1.5 Research Hypotheses

To determine the effectiveness of this study, the following research null hypotheses will be formulated to guide the study and it will be tested at 0.05% levels of significance.:

Ho: There are no significant factors influencing the effective use of electronic information retrieval devices among academic staff at the University of Abuja Library.

Ha: There are significant factors influencing the effective use of electronic information retrieval devices among academic staff at the University of Abuja Library.

1.6 Significance of the study

This research holds considerable importance for various parties involved, such as the academic sector, library administrators, technology creators, policymakers, and learners. This research seeks to offer valuable perspectives that can improve the efficiency of information retrieval and application in the scholarly context.

For academic personnel, comprehending the use of electronic information retrieval tools is essential for enhancing research and instructional results. Efficient access to information resources can result in more informed decision-making, increased academic productivity, and enhanced performance in educational pursuits. By identifying factors that influence the use of these devices, the study can offer insightful recommendations for enhancing their effectiveness in supporting faculty initiatives.

The findings of this study will greatly enhance library management by providing valuable insights into current usage patterns and levels of user satisfaction regarding electronic information retrieval devices. Recognising obstacles and impediments will empower library administration to devise focused approaches aimed at enhancing services and resources. Improving the library's digital resources can create a more conducive atmosphere for faculty, thereby enhancing the institution's standing and overall efficiency.

Individuals involved in shaping educational frameworks can draw upon the findings of this study to develop strategies that enhance digital literacy and facilitate access to technology within academic institutions. Recognising the essential elements that obstruct the efficient utilisation of electronic information retrieval devices can facilitate the development of strategies aimed at implementing training initiatives, improving infrastructure, and cultivating an environment that encourages technology integration among educators. This may lead to enhanced educational results and foster a commitment to continuous learning.

The results of this research will also bear significance for the students at the University of Abuja. As educators enhance their proficiency with electronic information retrieval tools, the calibre of instruction and research mentorship provided to students is expected to elevate. Increased involvement of faculty with electronic resources can foster superior educational support, elevate learning experiences, and enhance students' access to current information.

This research contributes to the existing literature on the incorporation of technology within educational environments, specifically focussing on the landscape of higher education in Nigeria. The findings obtained can guide subsequent research endeavours centred on electronic information retrieval and its influence on scholarly practices. Recognising trends and challenges can motivate deeper enquiries into the adoption of technology and the digital environment within the realm of education.

1.7 Scope of the study

Broadly, this study focus is to critically examine the use of electronic information retrieval devices by the academic staff in Nigerian Universities. Empirically, the study will discuss the factors that influence the effective use of electronic information retrieval devices among academic staff in Nigerian Universities, the challenges faced by academic staff in utilizing electronic information retrieval devices in Nigerian Universities, how the use of electronic information retrieval devices affects the research output of academic staff in Nigerian Universities and how the use of electronic information retrieval devices affects the teaching effectiveness of academic staff in Nigerian Universities.

Geographically, the study will be carried out in The University of Abuja.

1.8 Limitations of the study

Throughout the investigation, the investigators meticulously examined the intrinsic limitations that exist within all human behaviours. A significant obstacle encountered was the insufficient depth of academic inquiry into the topic. An important aspect that influenced the situation was the scarcity of data concerning an Extensive Examination of the Use of Electronic Information Retrieval Devices by the Academic Staff at the University of Abuja Library. In light of the undertaking, it proved to be quite challenging to locate the necessary materials, texts, or information and to systematically arrange the data, necessitating a considerable allocation of time and effort.

Furthermore, the conclusions drawn from the study may be limited by the relatively small sample size and the narrow focus of the research, which predominantly centres on The University of Abuja. Consequently, the results of the study possess restricted practical significance, underscoring the necessity for additional investigation.

Furthermore, the individual faced considerable limitations stemming from financial restrictions. As an individual pursuing academic excellence with constrained financial means, they had to meticulously manage these limitations during their educational journey. The high transportation costs at the research site presented a considerable obstacle in fulfilling the financial commitments associated with travel expenses.

Furthermore, the individual had a busy agenda due to their academic commitments, which included attending lectures and engaging in various educational activities.

1.9 Definition of terms

Information retrieval: Information retrieval is the process of accessing data resources. Usually documents or other unstructured data for the purpose of sharing knowledge. More specifically, an information retrieval system provides an interface between users and large data repositories – especially textual repositories.

ICT: Information and communication technology, abbreviated as ICT, covers all technical means used to handle information and aid communication. This includes both computer and network hardware, as well as their software

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